It's an inside job - Matthew 5:21-37

February 16, 2020


I came across a Billy Collins poem recently.  It’s entitled, “Another reason why I don’t keep a gun in the house:”

The neighbors' dog will not stop barking.
He is barking the same high, rhythmic bark
that he barks every time they leave the house.
They must switch him on on their way out.

The neighbors' dog will not stop barking.
I close all the windows in the house
and put on a Beethoven symphony full blast
but I can still hear him muffled under the music,
barking, barking, barking,

and now I can see him sitting in the orchestra,
his head raised confidently as if Beethoven
had included a part for barking dog.

When the record finally ends he is still barking,
sitting there in the oboe section barking,
his eyes fixed on the conductor who is
entreating him with his baton

while the other musicians listen in respectful
silence to the famous barking dog solo,
that endless coda that first established
Beethoven as an innovative genius.

With no small amount of humor, Collins spells out his experience of an everyday irritant and how he manages to change his view.

He starts out – The neighbors’ dog will not stop barking.  He begins by blaming the neighbors – they must switch him on on their way out. But blaming changes nothing.  All he can do, in the second stanza, is come back to – The neighbors’ dog will not stop barking.

His next move is to try to shut the barking out – he closes all the windows.  Then he tries to force it out – he turns on Beethoven full blast.  He cranks up the volume to overpower the offending sound.  Still he can hear the barking, barking, barking.

Then there is a shift – and now I can see him sitting in the orchestra/his head raised confidently as if Beethoven/had included a part for barking dog.

The dog is no longer an intruder.  He has been integrated into Collins’ imagination.   The dog has a part to play.  He is no longer simply making noise, but has a voice that was intended by the composer. Even when the symphony stops, the dog continues barking – as intended by Beethoven – that endless coda that first established/Beethoven as an innovative genius.

Collins could have reacted with violence. Remember the title? Another reason why I don’t keep a gun in the house.  Instead, he changes his view.  The problem is not with the neighbors or even with the dog.  The problem is in his own mind. That is where the solution is as well.

I believe this is what Jesus is doing in this section of the Sermon on the Mount.  He is getting us to see that the real problem is inside.  He is intensifying the old commandments as a way of forcing us inward, where the real work – and the real solution – is.  Jesus has already called us to this work of change in his initial preaching – Repent; the kingdom of heaven has come near.  “Repent,” does not merely mean confess.  The Greek word, “metanoia,” means to change your mind, to get beyond your present way of thinking.

To aid us in this work, Jesus has laid out six anti-theses – “You have heard that it was said…But I say to you…”  Jesus does not cite universal laws.  Rather he employs specific images – what New Testament scholar, Robert Tannehill, whom I read back in seminary, calls “focal instances” – to jar us, to bring us up short, to make us think, and to reconsider what we might normally do.

You have heard that was said to those of ancient times, ‘You shall not murder’; and ‘Whoever murders shall be liable to judgment.’ But I say to you that if you are angry with a brother or sister, you will be liable to judgment; and if you insult a brother or sister, you will be liable to the council; and if you say, ‘You fool,’ you will be liable to the hell of fire...

You have heard that it was said, “You shall not commit adultery.” But I say to you that everyone who looks at a woman with lust has already committed adultery with her in his heart. If your right eye causes you to sin, tear it out and throw it away; it is better for you to lose one of your members than for your whole body to be thrown into hell…

Again, you have heard that it was said to those of ancient times, “You shall not swear falsely, but carry out the vows you have made to the Lord.” But I say to you, Do not swear at all…

In each case, to a greater or lesser extent, Jesus takes a command and intensifies it to force us to look within, to examine our hearts on the matters of anger and lust and speech.  The problem is not with that person who did something to irritate you, the problem is in here – in the mind.  The problem is not with woman (or man) who dresses just a little too seductively, the problem is in here – in the mind.  That is where we must turn our attention if we want to get to the root of the problem. If, as Dallas Willard says, we want to change into the kind of people who naturally do what the law requires, then the first step is to become aware of what is going on inside us.

One of the precepts of Buddhism is to avoid ingesting anything – such as alcohol or drugs – that might cloud the mind or cause carelessness.  This gets a lot of discussion among Buddhists in the West.  Is it ever OK to drink alcohol?  Is it OK to drink as long as you don’t get drunk? Is it OK to drink as long as you don’t drink in front of children?

Sharon Salzberg has written that she too wondered, so she asked a Burmese teacher she was working with.  She expected he would say, “It’s fine in moderation.” Or, “It’s OK if your grandmother offers you a glass of wine, so you don’t hurt her feelings.”  What he said instead was, “If someone ties you down and pours it down your throat and you don’t enjoy it, then it’s OK.”

Sharon said her first thought was, “Well, that’s kind of severe!”  But then she thought she ought to take her teacher seriously, so she gave up alcohol for a few years. My initial reaction was the same as Sharon’s, but, since he’s not my teacher, I didn’t give up alcohol.  Nevertheless, this picture is now in my mind.  When it comes to me, it makes me stop and consider the effect that alcohol has on me.  I’m a one beer guy, so I’ve never drunk a lot.  But now I am more conscious of how alcohol makes me feel, how it clouds my mind, and how it might compromise my judgment.  I still drink alcohol, but I am more likely now to decide that I prefer a clear mind for the evening, so I skip even the one beer.

If it is possible with alcohol use, could the same mindful examination be done with anger? With lust? With speech? With revenge?  Could the same be done with hatred?

If Lent not did not start in 10 more days, next Sunday we would get another reading from the Sermon on the Mount (rather than for Transfiguration Sunday) – one that would include Jesus’ not antitheses on retaliation, but also – and, for my money, the one that is most important – on enemies.

You have heard that it was said, ‘You shall love your neighbor and hate your enemy.’ But I say to you, Love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you, so that you may be children of your Father in heaven, for he makes his sun to rise on the evil and the good, and sends rain on the righteous and the unrighteous. (Mattthew 5:43-45)

We’d like to think that everything that Jesus has been telling us about dealing with other people applies only to those who are close to us, those we love, those who are near and dear to us.  Yet, if we do that, how will we be any different than others?  Everybody loves those who love them. Everyone acknowledges those who belong to their own family.  Even atheists do it.  The challenge is to think beyond and to go beyond that – to love as God loves – to treat everyone equally – to act in a way that benefits even those who do not wish us well.

We might think, “Well, that’s kind of severe!”  Then how do we do it?  We begin with prayer.

You may not have anyone whom you consider an enemy or someone you consider a threat.  But maybe you have someone you feel you are in competition with. Maybe it’s a competitor at work, someone who seems always to get the big promotion, the big sale, the big honor at the end of the year.  Or maybe it’s another student, someone who is smarter and better looking and more athletic and more popular.  Or maybe it isn’t actually someone far away.  Maybe it is really a brother or a sister with whom you feel like you are in competition.

Whoever they are, pray for them.  Pray for their success.  Pray for their health and happiness.  Pray that they may experience more success and more joy.  If you’re not ready to do that, pray for yourself in your inability to pray for them.  Wherever you are, no matter how far-fetched or impossible this seems, start with prayer.

Then, see if it makes a difference.  This is not magic.  I don’t believe in magic.  But I believe in the power of God to turn hearts and minds around – if not the heart and mind of that person, then at least my own heart and mind.

Jesus concludes this section – Be perfect, therefore, as your heavenly Father is perfect.  This seems a much bigger challenge than attaining a righteousness greater than the scribes and Pharisees!  Yet, the word, ‘perfect,’ in Greek connotes not an ideal, but an end, a purpose.  If you live in this way, if you live the transforming life of love, Jesus seems to say, you will be fulfilling the purpose God made you for, the purpose that God gave the law for, and the purpose God sent him for.

Henri Nouwen was a Roman Catholic priest from Holland and a professor of pastoral theology, first at Yale and then at Harvard.  When I was in seminary, he was an influential writer regarding pastoral ministry and about spiritual life.  Late in his career, he gave up his tenured chair at Harvard and moved to Daybreak, the L’arche community in Toronto for people with developmental disabilities.  Nouwen spent the last 10 years of his life there.

Shortly after his move to Daybreak, Nouwen wrote a book for his nephew – “Letters to Marc about Jesus.”  There he speaks of the importance of following Jesus’ command to love our enemies.  Henri Nouwen writes:

I find it difficult to conceive of a more concrete way to love than by praying for one’s enemies.  It makes you conscious of the hard fact that, in God’s eyes, you’re no more and no less worthy of being loved than any other person, and it creates an awareness of profound solidarity with all other human beings.  It creates in you a world-embracing compassion and provides you in increasing measure with a heart free of the compulsive urge to coercion and violence.  And you’ll be delighted to discover that you can no longer remain angry with people for whom you’ve really and truly prayed.  You will find that you start speaking differently to them or about them, and that you’re actually willing to do well to those who’ve offended you in some way. (p. 62)

This may sound impossible.  It may sound like it is beyond us.  It is certainly beyond our present way of thinking.  It might be easier just to make sure we don’t keep any guns in the house.  But Jesus, the Master Teacher, is instructing us and inviting us to go beyond our way of thinking into his way of thinking, beyond our minds into his mind, into the mind of Christ.

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